Categories of Speech Functions Used by Totto-Chan and Mr. Kobayashi in Totto-Chan: The Little Girl at the Window
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category of speech function, Totto-chan, Mr. Kobayashi
Abstract
This research aimed at analyzing the categories of speech functions used by the characters Totto-Chan and Mr. Kobayashi in Totto-Chan: The Little Girl at the Window book. There are two research questions, namely, 1) what categories of speech functions are used by Totto-chan and Mr. Kobayashi in Totto-Chan: The Little Girl at the Window? and 2) which categories of speech functions are dominantly used by Totto-chan and Mr. Kobayashi in Totto-Chan: The Little Girl at the Window? The researcher used qualitative research method and content analysis. In analyzing and categorizing the data, the researcher used Holmes’ & Wilson’s (2017) speech function theory and two other functions of speech by Searle (1979). According to the research results, Totto-chan uses seven categories of speech functions, namely, expressive, directive, referential, metalinguistic, poetic, phatic, and commissive functions. Whereas, Mr. Kobayashi uses seven categories of speech functions. They are expressive, directive, referential, poetic, phatic, commissive, and performative functions. the categories of speech functions that are dominantly used by Totto-chan are referential, expressive, and phatic functions. Whereas, the categories of speech functions that are dominantly used by Mr. Kobayashi are referential, phatic, and imperative functions, which are included in directive functions.
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References
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Rini, S., & Wagiran. (2018). Humanist Expressive Utterance Function and Form in Teaching Learning Interaction at Vocational High School. Seloka: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 7(2), 224-250. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/seloka/article/view/27235
Sabata, Y., & Ibrahim. (2018). Phatic Function in The Novel “A Portrait of The Artist as a Young Man†by James Joyce. Kembara: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya, 4(1), 108-114. http://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/%20kembara/article/view/5735
Sameer, I. M. (2017). Analysis of Speech Act Patterns in Two Egyptian Inaugural Speeches. Studies in English Language and Education, 4(2), 134-147. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v4i2.7271
Sari, C. P. (2017). Speech Acts and the Different Perspectives on the Meaning of “Very Sorry†in the Letter on Hainan Island Incident. LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching, 20(1), 15-21. https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2017.200102
Slutsky, D.J. (2014). The Use of Tables. J Wrist Surg, 3(4), 219. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1395165
Syafitri, W. (2019). An Analysis of Commissive Speech Act Used by The Shopping Hosts of MNC Shop. Jurnal Arbitrer, 6(1), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.25077/ar.6.1.28-34.2019
Thwaite, A. (2019). Halliday’s View of Child Language Learning: Has it been Misinterpreted?. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 44(5), 42-56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2018v44n5.3
Wales, K. (1989). A dictionary of stylistics. Longman.
Basra, S. M., & Thoyyibah, L. (2017). A Speech Act Analysis of Teacher Talk in an EFL Classroom. International Journal of Education, 10(1), 73-81. https://doi.org/10.17509/ije.v10i1.6848
Batubara, M. H.., & Nasution, D. S. (2020). The Dominant Speech Functions in Cigarette Billboard Texts. JELTL (Journal of English Language Teaching and Linguistics),5(2),177-189.https:// https://jeltl.org/index.php/jeltl/article/view/407
Budiarti, Y. (2018). How Kindergarten Pupils Say “Thanksâ€: Sociolinguistic Analysis in Language Teaching. IJOTL-TL: Journal of Language Teaching and Linguistics, 3(1), 103-118. https://doi.org/10.30957/ijotl-tl.v3i2.513
Cropley, A. J. (2019). Qualitative research methods: A practice-oriented introduction for students of psychology and education. ZinÄtne.
Dewi, I, A, P, A., Kardana, I, N., & Muliana, I, N. (2020). Functions of Speech Acts in “Critical Elevenâ€. RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa, 6(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.22225/jr.6.1.1275.1-6
Fathonah, E., Mulatsih, S. (2018). Speech functions used by speakers in Allison L. Randall’s Short Story “End of the Lineâ€. E- Structural, 1(1), 41-51. https://www.neliti.com/publications/271247/speech-functions-used-by-speakers-in-allison-l-randalls-short-story-end-of-the-l#cite
Fatma., Prayitno, H. J., Jamaludin, N., Jha, G. K., & Badri, T. (2020). Directive Speech Acts in Academic Discourse: Ethnography of Communication from Gender Perspective in Higher Education. Indonesian Journal on Learning and Advanced Education (IJOLAE), 2(1), 27-46. https://doi.org/10.23917/ijolae.v2i1.8829
Gries, S. T. (2011). Phonological similarity in multi-word units. Cognitive Linguistics, 22(3), 491–510. https://doi.org/10.1515/cogl.2011.019
Hadiati, C. (2017). Ora lunyu dalane mbok?: The Use of Phatic Expressions in Traditional Selling and Buying. Celt: A Journal of Culture, English Language Teaching and Literature, 17(2), 293-307. https://doi.org/10.24167/celt.v18i2.762
Hidayatullah, F.M., & Dedi, R. (2019). An Analysis of Imperative Sentence in “Uang Panai†Movie. IJOTL-TL: Journal of Language Teaching and Linguistics, 4(3), 187-198. https://doi.org/10.30957/ijoltl.v4i3.609
Holmes, J., & Wilson, N. (2017). An introduction to Sociolinguistics (5th ed.). New York: Taylor and Francis.
Husain, A., Hamamah., & Nurhayani, I. (2020). Commissive Speech Act in Indonesian Presidential Debate. OKARA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra, 14(1), 81-98. http://dx.doi.org/10.19105/ojbs.v14i1.3141
Hymes, D. (2020). The Scope of Sociolinguistics. International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 2020(263), 67-76. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2020-2084
Komariah, S. (2017). The Speech Act Analysis of Direct Utterances on Short Story The Lost “Beautifulness†by Anzia Yezierska. EduLite: Journal of English Education, Literature, and Culture, 2(1), 347-360. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/e.2.1.347-360
Kuroyanagi, T. (1984). Totto-Chan: The Little Girl at the Window. (D. Britton, Trans.). Kodansha USA. (Original work published 1981).
Mahmud, M. (2019). The Use of Speech Acts in Angngaru of Makassar Society. RETORIKA: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya, 12(2), 141-153. https://doi.org/10.26858/retorika.v12i2.9099
Mohajan, H.K. (2018). Qualitative Research Methodology in Social Sciences and Related Subjects. Journal of Economic Development, Environment and People, 7(1), 23-48. https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/id/eprint/85654
Palmer, C., & Bolderston, A. (2006). A Brief Introduction to Qualitative Research. The Canadian Journal of Medical Radiation Technology, 37(1), 16-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0820-5930(09)60112-2
Prasetyo, R. I., & Mulyani, M. (2018). Teacher’s Directives Speech Acts in Teaching-Learning Interactions: Classroom Discourse Analysis. Seloka: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 7(3), 213-221. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/seloka/article/view/26607
Rahardi, K. (2019). Contexts as The Determining Roles of Javanese Phatic ‘Monggo’: Culture-Specific Pragmatics Perspective. Indonesian Language Education and Literature, 5(1), 47-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24235/ileal.v5i1.5035
Rahmawati, H. (2017). Speech acts in Madagascar 3 (A film) and their application in ELT. LingTera, 4(2), 136-148. https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/ljtp/article/view/5527
Rini, S., & Wagiran. (2018). Humanist Expressive Utterance Function and Form in Teaching Learning Interaction at Vocational High School. Seloka: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia, 7(2), 224-250. https://journal.unnes.ac.id/sju/index.php/seloka/article/view/27235
Sabata, Y., & Ibrahim. (2018). Phatic Function in The Novel “A Portrait of The Artist as a Young Man†by James Joyce. Kembara: Jurnal Keilmuan Bahasa, Sastra, dan Pengajarannya, 4(1), 108-114. http://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/%20kembara/article/view/5735
Sameer, I. M. (2017). Analysis of Speech Act Patterns in Two Egyptian Inaugural Speeches. Studies in English Language and Education, 4(2), 134-147. https://doi.org/10.24815/siele.v4i2.7271
Sari, C. P. (2017). Speech Acts and the Different Perspectives on the Meaning of “Very Sorry†in the Letter on Hainan Island Incident. LLT Journal: A Journal on Language and Language Teaching, 20(1), 15-21. https://doi.org/10.24071/llt.2017.200102
Slutsky, D.J. (2014). The Use of Tables. J Wrist Surg, 3(4), 219. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0034-1395165
Syafitri, W. (2019). An Analysis of Commissive Speech Act Used by The Shopping Hosts of MNC Shop. Jurnal Arbitrer, 6(1), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.25077/ar.6.1.28-34.2019
Thwaite, A. (2019). Halliday’s View of Child Language Learning: Has it been Misinterpreted?. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 44(5), 42-56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2018v44n5.3
Wales, K. (1989). A dictionary of stylistics. Longman.
Published
2021-01-24
How to Cite
Napitupulu, E. F. T., & Bram, B. (2021). Categories of Speech Functions Used by Totto-Chan and Mr. Kobayashi in Totto-Chan: The Little Girl at the Window. IJOTL-TL: Indonesian Journal of Language Teaching and Linguistics, 6(1), 107-124. https://doi.org/10.30957/ijoltl.v6i1.658
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